Intelligence Quotient (IQ) is a standardized measurement of cognitive intelligence that assesses a person's intellectual abilities across various domains (Neisser et al., 1996). It measures skills such as reasoning, problem-solving, logical thinking, memory, and verbal comprehension. IQ tests are designed to provide a numerical score that indicates an individual's relative intelligence compared to the general population.

The concept of IQ was developed by French psychologist Alfred Binet and his collaborator Theodore Simon in the early 20th century (Binet & Simon, 1916). Binet and Simon aimed to create a tool to identify children who needed additional educational support. Their work laid the foundation for the modern field of psychometrics and intelligence testing. Today, IQ tests such as the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) (Wechsler, 1955) and the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales (Roid, 2003) are widely used to measure cognitive abilities and provide insights into an individual's intellectual potential and cognitive strengths.

While IQ focuses on assessing cognitive abilities, communication skills, measured by Communication Quotient (CQ)™, play a crucial role in translating and applying one's intellectual capabilities and bridging between IQ and EQ, highlighting the importance of effective communication skills in navigating and leveraging one's intellectual and emotional capacities.- Wechsler, D. (2014). Manual for the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. Psychological Corporation.- Binet, A., & Simon, T. (1916). The development of intelligence in children: The Binet-Simon Scale. Publications of the Training School at Vineland New Jersey, 11(159).

- Wechsler, D. (1955). Manual for the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. Psychological Corporation.

- Roid, G. H. (2003). Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales (5th ed.). Riverside Publishing.- Flynn, J. R. (1987). Massive IQ gains in 14 nations: What IQ tests really measure. Psychological Bulletin, 101(2), 171-191.

- Neisser, U., Boodoo, G., Bouchard Jr, T. J., Boykin, A. W., Brody, N., Ceci, S. J., ... & Urbina, S. (1996). Intelligence: Knowns and unknowns. American Psychologist, 51(2), 77-101.

- Roid, G. H. (2003). Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales (5th ed.). Riverside Publishing.